Pancreatitis is a long-term and complex disease of the pancreas with multifactorial causes. One of them: a sharp violation of the norms of consumption of fatty foods, overeating, alcohol dependence. Compliance with special dietary rules for pancreatitis is half the success in treatment.
The pancreatitis diet was created to replace and supplement the menu with those substances that are poorly processed due to the lack of pancreatic enzymes.
Some patients think that nutritional therapy for pancreatitis does not differ from diet 5a and continue to follow its recommendations. This is understandable because most individuals initially received long-term treatment for cholecystitis, gallstone disease, or hepatitis. They are well acquainted with Tables 5a and 5, which set out the necessary nutritional standards for these diseases.
But if pancreatitis is detected, diet 5a will need to be modified. The changes that occur when the pancreas is damaged require correction of the content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. The diet for patients with pancreatitis is called "5p". It has increased the protein content up to 150 g (in No. 5 100–120 g), reduced the amount of fat (in No. 5 at least 70 g) and carbohydrates (in No. 5 at least 300 g). Rules for cooking and restricting food choices remain common.
Essential dietary requirements
Proposed dietary rules # 5p do not exclude the use of concomitant diseases of the digestive system. They are important for creating maximum pancreatic discharge.
- Cook only cooked, stewed, baked or steamed food. The frying method is completely forbidden.
- Observe the healing of the damaged organ by grinding all the dishes during the most acute phase of the disease.
- Moderate temperature required (no sharp fluctuations from cold to hot).
- it is necessary to feed the patient small amounts of food, but after every 3-4 hours.
- Avoid large meals once, even eating diet foods.
- Keep a daily caloric intake of at least 3000 kcal.
The recommended diet charts according to Povzner take into account the possibilities for periods of deterioration and beyond, when the pain is gone, but maintaining and continuing proper nutrition in the pancreas is very important.
5p diet option for worsening pancreatitis
The clinical manifestations of acute and chronic pancreatitis in the exacerbation phase (sharp pain, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea) do not allow the patient to eat normally. The treatment regimen requires complete fasting for two to four days. Neither can you drink; the first few days, the fluid is injected intravenously.
After stopping vomiting and pain, an initial 5p diet is prescribed. Its purpose is to reduce the formation of gastric acid and allow the pancreas to concentrate all its forces in the process of struggle for survival.
The diet allows a period of use not more than two weeks, as its composition is not balanced (proteins are reduced to 60 g, fats up to 50 g, carbohydrates up to 200-280 g, with a total caloric content of1800 kcal). Of course, bed rest and lack of physical activity are recommended.
The diet menu of a pancreatic patient consists of soup with mashed mucus, liquid cereals in water (oatmeal and rice excluded), mashed potatoes or carrots with the addition of squash, boiled squash (cabbage in all formsexcluded), jelly, jelly, pudding, some white crackers. Everything is served and cooked without oil. You can drink up to 2 liters of water, rose decoction, weak tea slightly sweet. After this option, on the recommendation of a doctor, they switch to the second type of food.
Diet without exacerbation of pancreatitis
The onset of an effective recovery process is judged by the normalization of temperature, a decrease in the frequency of diarrhea, and the absence of pain. The diet for pancreatitis is expanding, but maximum norms of proteins, fats and carbohydrates are observed. It is necessary to include a vitamin placed in the current therapeutic diet to activate the body's defenses. The patient will have to adhere to this diet throughout his life.
Diet for pancreatitis categorically prohibits:
- soup with fatty meats, fish and rich vegetarian (with cabbage or mushrooms);
- fatty beef and pork, duck;
- lard and cooking oil;
- smoked meats, hot foods, sauces, canned food in any form, sausages;
- rich pastries, baking creams, chocolate, pies, black bread;
- from vegetables diet for pancreatitis does not recommend radish, cabbage, turnips, sorrel, spinach;
- carbonated drinks, beer, alcohol, coffee.
Recommended products and meals:
- dry white bread or croutons, dry biscuits;
- meat and poultry dishes baked in the oven, baked in the oven, meatballs, meatballs and casserole;
- cereal soups, with noodles, you can season with sour cream;
- non-acidic cottage cheese, hard cheese varieties;
- butter or vegetable oil should be added directly to the dish, no more than one tablespoon per day;
- semi-liquid porridge, boiled in water or diluted milk;
- baked apples without dessert, jelly or fruit compotes;
- lightly brewed tea with milk or wild rose in soup, slightly sweet.
Diet for pancreatitis in remission recommends the following exemplary menu for a person working for the day:- Breakfast before work - you can make an omelet with steamed protein from two eggs or half a part of oatmeal in milk, milk tea.
- Breakfast # 2 (at lunch time) - get boiled meat with mashed potatoes or vegetables, half a packet of cottage cheese, if at work you can heat it in the microwave, be sure to use it.
- Light sweet tea.
- Lunch (at home after work) - half a plate of vegetarian potato soup, steamed meat with vegetable puree, apple jelly in xylitol.
- Dinner - a piece of boiled chicken, casserole with cheese, tea with milk.
- At night (no later than 21 hours) fruit jelly in xylitol.
it is possible to take unglazed vegetables and fruits, as well as expand the diet only with the consent of a doctor, after an examination to ensure that the enzymatic activity of the pancreas is restored and there is no inflammation.